Masimbi akasiyana anoreva simbi dzezvinhu zvakasiyana (zvakadai sealuminium, mhangura, zvichingodaro) kana mamwe alloys akaumbwa kubva kune imwecheteyo simbi (senge kabhoni simbi, Stainless simbi, zvichingodaro) ane misiyano yakakura muzvinhu zvesimbi, senge chemuviri. zvivakwa, makemikari zvivakwa, etc. Vanogona kushandiswa sehwaro simbi, filler simbi kana weld simbi.
Welding yezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoreva maitiro ekugadzira maviri kana kupfuura akasiyana zvinhu (zvichireva akasiyana makemikari anoumbwa, metallographic zvimiro, zvivakwa, nezvimwewo) pasi pemamwe maitiro ekuita.Pakati pemasimbi akasiyana-siyana, inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeyekuputira kwesimbi yakasiyana, inoteverwa nekuputika kwesimbi dzisina ferrous uye welding yesimbi nesimbi dzisina ferrous.
Kubva pamaonero emafomu emajoints, kune matatu akakosha mamiriro, anoti majoini ane maviri akasiyana simbi base, majoini ane imwechete base simbi asi akasiyana masimbi ekuzadza (senge majoini anoshandisa austenitic welding zvinhu kuti weld medium-carbon quenched and tempered simbi, etc.), Uye majoini akakwenenzverwa emapureti esimbi akaumbwa, nezvimwe.
Iko kukwenenzverwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana kana simbi mbiri dzakasiyana dzakabatanidzwa pamwe chete, dhizaini yekuchinja ine zvimiro zvakasiyana uye chimiro kubva pachigadziko simbi inozogadzirwa.Nekuti masimbi akasiyana ane misiyano yakakura muzvinhu zvekutanga, zvimiro zvemuviri, makemikari zvimiro, nezvimwewo, zvichienzaniswa nekuiswa kwechinhu chimwe chete, iwo welding yezvakasiyana zvinhu zvakanyanya kuomarara maererano newelding mechanism uye tekinoroji yekushandisa..
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Matambudziko makuru aripo mukushongedza kwezvinhu zvakasiyana ndeaya anotevera:
1. Iyo yakakura mutsauko mukunyunguduka kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakanyanya kuoma zvakanyanya kugadzira weld.
Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kana chinhu chine kunyungudika kwakaderera chasvika pakunyunguduka, iyo ine nzvimbo yakakwira yekunyungudika ichiri yakasimba.Panguva ino, iyo yakanyungudutswa inopinda nyore nyore mumiganho yezviyo yenzvimbo yakanyanyisa kupisa, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kweiyo yakaderera kunyungudika zvinhu uye kupisa kana kubuda evaporation kwezvinhu zvealloy.Ita kuti majoints ewelding anetsa kupinza.Semuenzaniso, kana welding iron uye lead (ayo ane akasiyana siyana ekunyunguduka), kwete chete kuti zvinhu zviviri izvi zvisanyunguduke mune yakasimba mamiriro, asi zvakare hazvigone kunyungudika mumwe nemumwe mumamiriro emvura.Iyo simbi yemvura inogoverwa muzvikamu uye inopenya zvakasiyana mushure mekutonhora.
2. Iyo yakakura mutsauko mumutsara wekuwedzera coefficients wezvakasiyana zvinhu, zvakanyanya kuoma kuri kuita weld.
Zvishandiso zvine mutsara wakakura wekuwedzera coefficients zvichava nekukura kwekupisa kwekuwedzera uye shrinkage yakakura panguva yekutonhodza, izvo zvinoburitsa hombe welding kusagadzikana kana dziva rakanyungudutswa rapenya.Uku kushushikana kwewelding hakusi nyore kubvisa, zvichikonzera deformation yakakura yewelding.Nekuda kwekushushikana kwakasiyana-siyana kwezvishandiso pamativi ese maviri e weld, zviri nyore kukonzeresa kutsemuka mukati meweld uye nzvimbo inobatwa nekupisa, uye kunyange kuita kuti weld simbi ibvise simbi yepasi.
3. Iyo yakakura mutsauko mukupisa conductivity uye chaiyo kupisa kukwanisa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakanyanya kuoma kuti weld.
Kupisa kwekupisa uye huwandu hwekupisa kwezvinhu huchakanganisa mamiriro ekristalllization yesimbi yeweld, kuomesa zviyo zvakanyanya, uye kukanganisa kunyorova kwesimbi inomira.Naizvozvo, sosi ine simba yekupisa inofanirwa kushandiswa pakushongedza.Munguva yewelding, nzvimbo yenzvimbo yekupisa inofanira kunge iri kudivi resimbi yepasi ine yakanaka thermal conductivity.
4. Kukura kwemusiyano wemagetsi pakati pezvinhu zvakasiyana, ndiko kunyanya kuoma kuri kuita weld.
Nekuti iyo yakakura mutsauko wemagetsi pakati pezvishandiso, iyo yakanyanya kusagadzikana iyo welding arc ichave yakanyanya kusimba uye zvakanyanya kuipa.
5. Iyo yakawanda intermetallic compounds inoumbwa pakati pezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakanyanya kuoma kuisa weld.
Nekuti intermetallic makomisheni ane brittle, anogona kukonzeresa kutsemuka kana kutsemuka muweld.
6. Panguva yekugadzira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, nekuda kwekuchinja kwemetallographic dhizaini yenzvimbo yewelding kana zvivakwa zvitsva, kushanda kweiyo welded majoini kunokanganisa, izvo zvinounza matambudziko makuru kune welding.
Iyo mechanical properties yejoint fusion zone uye inopisa-yakakanganiswa nzvimbo yakashata, kunyanya kuoma kwepurasitiki kunoderedzwa zvakanyanya.Nekuda kwekudzikira kwekuomarara kwepurasitiki yejoint uye kuvepo kwekushushikana kwewelding, majoini akaiswa emhando dzakasiyana anowanzo kutsemuka, kunyanya munzvimbo inopisa inokanganisa kupisa, iyo inogona kuputika kana kutsemuka.
7. Iyo yakasimba iyo oxidation yezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakanyanya kuoma kuri kuita weld.
Semuyenzaniso, kana mhangura nearuminiyamu zvabatanidzwa nefusion welding, mhangura nealuminium oxides zvinogadzirwa zviri nyore mudziva rakanyungudutswa.Munguva yekutonhora uye crystallization, maokisi aripo pamiganhu yezviyo anogona kuderedza intergranular bonding simba.
8. Paunenge uchiisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakaoma kuti musono welding uye masimbi maviri ekutanga asangane nezvinodiwa zvesimba rakaenzana.
Izvi zvinodaro nekuti zvinhu zvesimbi zvine mapoinzi ekunyungudika zviri nyore kupisa uye kunyungudika panguva yewelding, izvo zvinoshandura kemikari yeweld uye inoderedza michina yayo, kunyanya kana welding dissimilar non-ferrous simbi.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-28-2023
