Chii chinonzi cryogenic air separation nitrogen kugadzirwa

Cryogenic air separation nitrogen kugadzirwa inzira yekugadzira nitrogen ine nhoroondo yemakumi emakore akati wandei. Inoshandisa mhepo seyakagadzirwa, inomanikidza nekuichenesa, uyezve inoshandisa kupisa kuchinjanisa kunyungudutsa mweya mumhepo yemvura. Mhepo yemvura inonyanya musanganiswa weokisijeni yemvura uye mvura nitrogen. Uchishandisa mapoinzi akasiyana ekuvira emvura okisijeni uye mvura nitrogen, nitrogen inowanikwa nekuzvipatsanura kuburikidza nekunatswa kwemhepo yemvura.

Typical process flow

Iyo yese maitiro ine kudzvanywa kwemhepo uye kucheneswa, kupatsanurwa kwemhepo, uye mvura nitrogen vaporization.

1. Kutsikirirwa kwemhepo uye kucheneswa

Mushure mekunge mhepo yacheneswa kubva kuguruva uye kusvibiswa kwemagetsi nemhepo sefa, inopinda mumhepo compressor, inomanikidzwa kune inodiwa kudzvanywa, yozotumirwa kumhepo inotonhorera kuderedza tembiricha yemhepo. Inobva yapinda mumhepo yekuomesa purifier kubvisa hunyoro, carbon dioxide, acetylene uye mamwe mahydrocarbon mumhepo.

2. Kuparadzana kwemhepo

Mhepo yakacheneswa inopinda mumhepo huru yekupisa mumhepo yekuparadzanisa shongwe, inotonhodzwa kusvika pakupisa tembiricha neiyo reflux gasi (chigadzirwa nitrogen, gasi remarara), uye inotumirwa kuzasi kweshongwe ye distillation. Nitrogen inowanikwa pamusoro peshongwe, uye mhepo yemvura inoputika uye inotumirwa Inopinda mu condensation evaporator kuti ibudise, uye panguva imwe chete, chikamu che nitrogen inotumirwa kubva pakugadzirisa shongwe inogadziriswa. Chikamu chemvura yakanyungudutswa nitrogen inoshandiswa seye reflux mvura yeshongwe yekugadziridza, uye chimwe chikamu chinoshandiswa semvura nitrogen chigadzirwa uye inosiya shongwe yekuparadzanisa mhepo.

Iyo gasi yekuburitsa kubva kune condensation evaporator inodzoserwa kusvika 130K neiyo huru inopisa exchanger uye inopinda mukuwedzera uye firiji kuti ipe kutonhora kweshongwe yekuparadzanisa mhepo. Chikamu chegasi rakawedzerwa rinoshandiswa kuvandudza uye kutonhora kwema molecular sieve, uye rinobva raburitswa kuburikidza nesilencer. atmosphere.

3. Liquid nitrogen vaporization

Iyo nitrogen yemvura kubva kumhepo yekuparadzanisa shongwe inochengetwa mumvura ine nitrogen yekuchengetedza tank. Kana mudziyo wekuparadzanisa mweya ukaongororwa, iyo nitrogen yemvura mutangi rekuchengetera inopinda muvaporizer uye inopisa isati yatumirwa kune chigadzirwa nitrogen pombi.

Cryogenic nitrogen kugadzira inogona kuburitsa nitrogen nekuchena kwe ≧99.999%.

kuchena

Cryogenic nitrogen kugadzirwa kunogona kuburitsa nitrogen nekuchena kwe ≧99.999%. Nitrogen kuchena kunogumira ne nitrogen mutoro, nhamba yematireyi, kugona kwetireyi uye kuchena kweokisijeni mumhepo yemvura, nezvimwewo, uye chiyero chekugadzirisa idiki.

Naizvozvo, kune seti ye cryogenic nitrogen kugadzirwa kwemidziyo, kuchena kwechigadzirwa kune chokwadi uye hazviitike kugadzirisa.

Midziyo mikuru inosanganisirwa mune cryogenic nitrogen jenareta mudziyo

1. Kusefa kwemhepo

Kuti uderedze kupfekedzwa kwema mechanical inofamba pamusoro mukati memhepo compressor uye kuve nechokwadi chehutano hwemhepo, mhepo isati yapinda mumhepo compressor, inofanira kutanga yapfuura nepamhepo sefa kuti ibvise guruva uye zvimwe tsvina iri mairi. Kutora kwemhepo kwemhepo compressors kunonyanya kushandisa mafirita-anoshanda mafirita kana mafirita epakati-anoshanda.

2. Air compressor

Zvinoenderana nemusimboti wekushanda, air compressors inogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: volumetric uye kumhanya. Mhepo compressor inonyanya kushandisa piston air compressors, centrifugal air compressors uye screw air compressors.

3. Mhepo inotonhorera

Inoshandiswa kudzikisa tembiricha yemhepo yakamanikidzwa isati yapinda mumhepo yekuomesa purifier uye mhepo yekuparadzanisa shongwe, kudzivirira kushanduka kukuru kwetembiricha ichipinda mushongwe, uye inogona kukonzeresa hunyoro huzhinji mumhepo yakamanikidzwa. Nitrogen mvura inotonhorera (inoumbwa neshongwe dzekutonhodza mvura uye shongwe dzekutonhodza mhepo: shongwe yekutonhodza mvura inoshandisa gasi remarara kubva pashongwe yekuparadzanisa nemhepo kutonhodza mvura iri kutenderera, uye shongwe yekutonhodza mhepo inoshandisa mvura inotenderera kubva mumvura inotonhorera kutonhorera mhepo), Freon air cooler .

4. Air dryer uye purifier

Mhepo yakadzvanywa ichine humwe hunyoro hwemvura, kabhoni dhayokisaidhi, acetylene uye mamwe mahydrocarbon mushure mekupfuura nemumhepo inotonhorera. Hunyoro hwakaomeswa uye kabhoni dhaibhoni yakaiswa mumhepo yekuparadzanisa shongwe inovhara nzira, pombi uye mavharuvhu. Acetylene inoungana mumvura okisijeni uye pane njodzi yekuputika. Guruva richasakara muchina wekushandisa. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakachengeteka kwenguva refu kwechikamu chekuparadzanisa kwemhepo, midziyo yekuchenesa yakakosha inofanira kuiswa kuti ibvise tsvina iyi. Nzira dzakajairika dzekuchenesa mhepo ndeye adsorption uye kutonhora. Molecular sieve adsorption nzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumadiki uye epakati-saizi nitrogen jenareta muChina.

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5. Mhepo yekuparadzanisa shongwe

Iyo mhepo yekuparadzanisa shongwe inonyanya kusanganisira huru kupisa exchanger, liquefier, distillation tower, condensing evaporator, etc. The main heat exchanger, condensing evaporator uye liquefier iplate-warped heat exchangers. Irwo rudzi rutsva rwekubatanidza kupatsanurwa kwekupisa kupisa ne-aluminum metal structure. Wepakati tembiricha musiyano idiki kwazvo uye kupisa kwekutsinhana kunoshanda kwakakwira se98-99%. Iyo distillation tower ndeye mhepo yekuparadzanisa midziyo. Mhando dzemidziyo yeshongwe dzakakamurwa maererano nezvikamu zvemukati. Sieve plate tower ine sieve plate inonzi sieve plate tower, bubble cap tower ine bubble cap plate inodaidzwa kunzi bubble cap tower, uye shongwe yakarongedzerwa yakarongedzerwa inodaidzwa kuti sieve plate tower. Sieve ndiro ine chimiro chakareruka, iri nyore kugadzira, uye ine high plate kunyatsoshanda, saka inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumhepo fractionation distillation tower. Shongwe dzakarongedzerwa dzinonyanya kushandiswa kune distillation shongwe dzine dhayamita isingasviki 0.8m uye kureba kusingapfuuri 7m. Bubble cap towers ikozvino haichawanzo shandiswa nekuda kwechimiro chadzo chakaomarara uye matambudziko ekugadzira.

6. Turboexpander

Muchina unotenderera weblade unoshandiswa nemajenareta enitrogen kugadzira simba rinotonhora. Igasi turbine inoshandiswa pasi pemamiriro ekushisa akadzika. Turboexpanders yakakamurwa kuita axial kuyerera mhando, centripetal radial kuyerera mhando uye centripetal radial kuyerera mhando zvinoenderana nekuyerera kwegasi mune impeller; zvichienderana nekuti gasi rinoramba richiwedzera mune impeller, rakakamurwa kuva counterattack mhando uye kukanganisa mhando. Kuenderera mberi kwekuwedzera imhando yekurwisa. mhando, hairambe ichiwedzera uye inova maitiro emhando. Single-stage radial axial flow impact turbine expanders inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumidziyo yekuparadzanisa mweya. Iyo cryogenic mhepo yekuparadzanisa nitrogen jenareta ine yakaoma midziyo, nzvimbo yakakura, yakakwirira yezvivakwa mutengo, yakakwira-nguva imwe chete yekudyara mumidziyo, yakakwira mari yekushandisa, inononoka kugadzira gasi (12 kusvika 24 maawa), yakakwirira yekuisa zvinodiwa, uye kutenderera kwakareba. Tichifunga nezvemidziyo, kuisirwa uye zvikonzero zvezvivakwa, chiyero chekudyara chePSA midziyo ine zvirevo zvakafanana zvemidziyo iri pasi pe3500Nm3/h yakaderera ne20% kusvika 50% pane iyo yemidziyo yekuparadzanisa mhepo yecryogenic. Iyo cryogenic nitrogen jenareta mudziyo wakakodzera kugadzirwa kwakakura kwemaindasitiri nitrogen, asi yepakati uye diki-mwero nitrogen kugadzirwa hakuna hupfumi.