CNC machining inzira yekugadzira umo pre-yakarongwa komputa software inoraira kufamba kwefekitori maturusi nemichina. Maitiro acho anogona kushandiswa kudzora huwandu hwemakina akaomarara, kubva kuguyo uye lathes kuenda kumagiyo uye marouters. Ne CNC machining, matatu-dimensional yekucheka mabasa anogona kuitwa mune imwechete seti yekukurudzira.
Ipfupi ye "kombuta yenhamba yekudzora," iyo CNC maitiro anomhanya mukusiyana - uye nekudaro anokwirisa - izvo zvinogumira zvekutonga kwemanyorero, uko mhenyu vanoshanda vanodiwa kukurudzira uye kutungamira mirairo yezvishandiso zvemachining kuburikidza nemalever, mabhatani nemavhiri. Kune anoona, CNC sisitimu inogona kuita seyakajairwa seti yezvikamu zvekombuta, asi mapurogiramu esoftware uye maconsoles anoshandiswa muCNC machining anoisiyanisa kubva kune mamwe marudzi ese ekuverenga.
CNC Machining Inoshanda Sei?
Kana iyo CNC system ikamiswa, macheki anodiwa anorongwa musoftware uye anorairwa kune anoenderana maturusi uye muchina, anoita mabasa akakura sezvakatsanangurwa, senge robhoti.
Muchirongwa cheCNC, iyo kodhi jenareta mukati meiyo nhamba system inowanzofunga kuti masisitimu haana mhosva, kunyangwe paine mukana wekukanganisa, izvo zvakakura pese kana CNC muchina unotungamirwa kucheka munzira dzinopfuura imwe panguva imwe chete. Kuiswa kwechishandiso muchirongwa chekudzora nhamba kunotsanangurwa nenhevedzano yezvipikiso inozivikanwa sechirongwa chechikamu.
Nemuchina wekudzora nhamba, zvirongwa zvinopinzwa kuburikidza nemapunch makadhi. Kusiyana neizvi, zvirongwa zvemichina yeCNC zvinopihwa makomputa kunyangwe madiki kiyibhodhi. CNC programming inochengetwa mundangariro dzekombuta. Iyo kodhi pachayo inonyorwa uye inogadziriswa nevagadziri vepurogiramu. Naizvozvo, CNC masisitimu anopa yakawedzera kuwedzera computational kugona. Kupfuura zvese, CNC masisitimu haana kana static, sezvo zvitsva zvinokurudzira zvinogona kuwedzerwa kuzvirongwa zvakagara zviripo kuburikidza nekodhi yakadzokororwa.
CNC MACHINE PROGRAMMING
MuCNC, michina inoshandiswa kuburikidza nenhamba yekudzora, umo chirongwa chesoftware chinosarudzwa kudzora chinhu. Mutauro uri kuseri kweCNC machining unonzi G-code, uye wakanyorerwa kudzora maitiro akasiyana emuchina unoenderana, senge kumhanya, chiyero chekudya uye kurongeka.
Chaizvoizvo, CNC machining inoita kuti zvikwanise kufanoronga kumhanyisa uye chinzvimbo chemichina yekushandisa uye kuimhanyisa kuburikidza nesoftware mukudzokorora, kutenderera kutenderera, zvese nekubatanidzwa kushoma kubva kune vanhu vanoshanda. Nekuda kwehunyanzvi uhu, maitiro akagamuchirwa kumativi ese echikamu chekugadzira uye akakosha zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzesimbi nepurasitiki kugadzira.
Kutanga, dhizaini ye2D kana 3D CAD inoumbwa, inozoshandurwa kukodhi yemakomputa kuti CNC system iite. Mushure mekunge chirongwa chaiswa, mushandisi anochipa kuyedza kumhanya kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti hapana zvikanganiso zviripo mukukodha.
Vhura / Yakavharwa-Loop Machining Systems
Position control inotarwa kuburikidza neyakavhurika-loop kana yakavharwa-loop system. Neiyo yekutanga, siginecha inomhanya munzira imwechete pakati pemutongi uye mota. Iine yakavharwa-loop system, mutongi anokwanisa kugamuchira mhinduro, izvo zvinoita kuti kukanganisa kugadzirisa kugoneke. Saka, yakavharwa-loop system inogona kugadzirisa zvisizvo muvelocity uye chinzvimbo.
MuCNC machining, kufamba kunowanzo kutungamirwa X uye Y maaxes. Chishandiso chacho, chinomisikidzwa uye chinotungamirwa kuburikidza nenhanho kana servo motors, iyo inodzokorora mafambiro chaiwo sekutemerwa neG-code. Kana simba uye kumhanya kuri kushoma, maitiro anogona kumhanyiswa kuburikidza nekuvhurika-loop control. Kune zvimwe zvese, yakavharwa-loop control inodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekumhanya, kuenderana uye kurongeka kunodiwa kune maindasitiri maapplication, senge simbi.
CNC Machining is Fully Automated
Mumazuva ano eCNC protocol, kugadzirwa kwezvikamu kuburikidza ne-pre-programmed software kunowanzoitwa otomatiki. Zviyero zvechikamu chakapihwa zvinoiswa panzvimbo nekombuta-inobatsira dhizaini (CAD) software uye yozoshandurwa kuita chigadzirwa chaicho chakapedzwa chine komputa-inobatsira kugadzira (CAM) software.
Chero chidimbu chebasa chakapihwa chinogona kudikanwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvematurusi emuchina, senge madhiri nekucheka. Kuti zviwane zvinodiwa izvi, michina yakawanda yemazuva ano inosanganisa mabasa akawanda akasiyana kuita sero rimwe. Neimwe nzira, yekumisikidza inogona kuve nemichina akati wandei uye seti yemaoko marobhoti anotamisa zvikamu kubva kune imwe application kuenda kune imwe, asi nezvose zvinodzorwa nechirongwa chimwe chete. Zvisinei nekuseta, maitiro eCNC anobvumira kuenderana mukugadzirwa kwezvikamu zvingave zvakaoma, kana zvisingaite, kudzokorora nemaoko.
AKASIYANA MASHOKO AKASIYANA E CNC MACHINES
Machina ekutanga ekudzora nhamba akasvika kuma1940 apo mota dzakatanga kushandiswa kudzora kufamba kwezvishandiso zvaivepo kare. Sezvo matekinoroji akakwira, masisitimu akakwidziridzwa nemakomputa eanalog, uye pakupedzisira nemakomputa edhijitari, izvo zvakakonzera kukwira kweCNC machining.
Iyo yakawanda yemazuva ano CNC arsenals ndeyemagetsi zvachose. Mamwe eakajairika CNC-anoshanda maitiro anosanganisira ultrasonic welding, gomba-punching uye laser yekucheka. Iwo anonyanya kushandiswa muchina muCNC masisitimu anosanganisira anotevera:
CNC Mills
Zvigayo zveCNC zvinokwanisa kumhanya pamapurogiramu ane nhamba- uye tsamba-based prompts, iyo inotungamira zvidimbu pamadaro akasiyana. Chirongwa chinoshandiswa pamushini weguyo chinogona kunge chiri cheG-code kana mumwe mutauro wakasiyana wakagadzirwa nechikwata chekugadzira. Zvigayo zvekutanga zvine matatu-axis system (X, Y uye Z), kunyangwe mazhinji matsva ezvigayo anogona kugarisa mamwe matatu axes.
Lathes
Mumichina yelathe, zvimedu zvinochekwa munzira yakatenderedzwa ine indexable zvishandiso. Ne CNC tekinoroji, kuchekwa kunoshandiswa nema lathes kunoitwa nemazvo uye kumhanya kwakakwira. CNC lathes anoshandiswa kugadzira madhizaini akaomarara asingazogoneke pamanyorerwo emuchina. Pakazara, mabasa ekutonga eCNC-run mill uye lathes akafanana. Sezvakaita yekare, lathes inogona kutungamirwa neG-code kana yakasarudzika kodhi kodhi. Nekudaro, mazhinji CNC lathes ane mbezo mbiri - X uye Z.
Plasma Cutters
Mune plasma cutter, zvinhu zvinochekwa ne plasma torch. Iyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa kune simbi zvinhu asi inogona zvakare kushandiswa pane dzimwe nzvimbo. Kuti ibudise kumhanya uye kupisa kunodiwa kucheka simbi, plasma inogadzirwa kuburikidza nemusanganiswa we compressed-air gasi uye magetsi arcs.
Magetsi Anoburitsa Machina
Electric-discharge machining (EDM) - inodaidzwa kunzi kufa kunyura uye spark machining - inzira inoumba zvidimbu zvebasa kuita mamwe maumbirwo ane mazhenje emagetsi. Ne EDM, kubuda kwemazuva ano kunoitika pakati pemagetsi maviri, uye izvi zvinobvisa zvikamu zvebasa rakapiwa.
Kana nzvimbo iri pakati pema electrode ikava diki, munda wemagetsi unova wakanyanya uye nokudaro wakasimba kupfuura dielectric. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanisike kuti ikozvino ipfuure pakati pema electrode maviri. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvikamu zvechikamu chebasa zvinobviswa neimwe electrode. Subtypes yeEDM inosanganisira:
● Wire EDM, iyo spark erosion inoshandiswa kubvisa zvikamu kubva pamagetsi conductive material.
● Sinker EDM, apo electrode uye chidimbu chebasa chinoputirwa mu dielectric fluid kuitira chinangwa chekugadzira chidimbu.
Mukuita kunozivikanwa sekutsvaira, marara kubva pachikamu chega chega chakapedzwa chinotakurwa nedielectric yemvura, iyo inoonekwa kana ikozvino pakati pema electrode maviri yamira uye inoitirwa kubvisa chero imwezve mhosva yemagetsi.
Mvura Jet Cutters
MuCNC machining, majeti emvura maturusi anocheka zvinhu zvakaomarara, senge granite nesimbi, zvine high-pressure application yemvura. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mvura yacho inosanganiswa nejecha kana kuti chimwe chinhu chakasimba chinokwesha. Mafekitari muchina zvikamu zvinowanzoumbwa kuburikidza nekuita uku.
Jeti dzemvura dzinoshandiswa seimwe nzira inotonhorera yezvinhu zvisingakwanisi kutakura kupisa-kupisa kwemamwe michina yeCNC. Sezvo zvakadaro, majeti emvura anoshandiswa muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakadai seaerospace uye maindasitiri emigodhi, uko maitiro ane simba nokuda kwezvinangwa zvekuveza nekucheka, pakati pemamwe mabasa. Majeti emvura anocheka anoshandiswawo kune zvikumbiro zvinoda kuchekwa zvakanyanya muzvinhu, sezvo kushomeka kwekupisa kunodzivirira chero shanduko muzvinhu zvemukati zvivakwa zvinogona kubva kusimbi pakucheka simbi.
AKASIYANA MASHOKO AKASIYANA E CNC MACHINES
Sezvo yakawanda CNC muchina vhidhiyo kuratidzira kwakaratidza, sisitimu iyi inoshandiswa kugadzira yakadzama kucheka kunze kwesimbi zvimedu zvezvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri zvehardware. Pamusoro pemichina yambotaurwa, mamwe maturusi uye zvinhu zvinoshandiswa mukati meCNC masisitimu zvinosanganisira:
● Michina yekushongedza
● Zvigadzirwa zvehuni
● Turret punchers
● Michina inopemha waya
● Vanocheka furo
● Laser cutters
● Zvigayo zvemacylindrical
● 3D printers
● Vanocheka magirazi
Kana kucheka kwakaomarara kuchida kuitwa pamatanho akasiyana uye makona pane chidimbu chebasa, zvese zvinogona kuitwa mukati memaminitsi pamushini weCNC. Chero bedzi muchina wacho wakarongwa nekodhi chaiyo, basa remuchina rinoita matanho sekurairwa nesoftware. Kupa zvese zvakatemwa zvinoenderana nedhizaini, chigadzirwa cheruzivo uye kukosha kwetekinoroji kunofanirwa kubuda kana maitiro apera.
Nguva yekutumira: Jan-01-2022
