Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoda kutariswa panguva yekugadzira welding. Kana ikafuratirwa, inogona kutungamirira kukukanganisa kukuru.
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1 Usatarise pakusarudza yakanakisa voltage panguva yekuvaka welding
[Phenomena] Munguva yewelding, zvisinei nehukuru hwegorofu, ingave iri base, kuzadza kana kuvhara, iyo yakafanana arc voltage inosarudzwa. Nenzira iyi, kudzika kunodiwa kwekupinda uye hupamhi hakugone kuwanikwa, uye kukanganisa kwakadai senge undercuts, pores, uye spatter inogona kuitika.
[Matanho] Kazhinji, iyo inoenderana kureba arc kana pfupi arc inofanirwa kusarudzirwa mamiriro akasiyana kuti iwane nani welding mhando uye kushanda zvakanaka.
Semuyenzaniso, kupfupika kwearc kunofanirwa kushandiswa kuitira kuti uwane kupinda zviri nani panguva yepasi welding, uye iyo arc voltage inogona kukwidziridzwa zvakakodzera kuitira kuti iwane hunyanzvi hwepamusoro uye hupamhi hwekunyungudika panguva yekuzadza welding kana kuvhara welding.
2 Welding haidzore iyo welding ikozvino
[Phenomena] Munguva yewelding, kuitira kufambira mberi, mabutt welds epakati uye makobvu mahwendefa haana grooved. Iyo indekisi yesimba inodonha, kana kutotadza kuzadzisa zvakajairwa zvinodiwa, uye makatsemuka anooneka panguva yekukotama bvunzo. Izvi zvichaita kuti kushanda kwejoint ye weld kusakwanise kuvimbiswa uye kuisa njodzi inogona kuitika kune kuchengetedzwa kwechimiro.
[Matanho] Kana welding, iyo welding ikozvino inofanirwa kudzorwa zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekuongorora, uye 10 kusvika 15% shanduko inobvumidzwa. Iyo yakashata kumucheto saizi yegroove haifanire kudarika 6mm. Pakumisa, kana kukora kweplate kuchipfuura 6mm, mabheji anofanirwa kugadzirwa kuti ave welding.
3 Kusateerera kune yakarongeka kushandiswa kwewelding kumhanya, welding ikozvino, uye electrode dhayamita
[Phenomena] Kana welding, usateerere kudzora kumhanya kwewelding uye welding ikozvino, uye kuronga kushandiswa kwedhayamita ye electrode uye chinzvimbo chewelding.
Semuenzaniso, paunenge uchiita primer welding pamusono wakapinda zvizere pakona, nekuda kwekukura kwakamanikana kwemidzi, kana iyo welding inokurumidza kukurumidza, gasi remidzi uye slag inclusions haina nguva yakakwana yekuburitswa, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuremara kwakadaro. sekupinda kusina kukwana, slag inclusions, uye pores mumudzi. ; Paunenge uchiputira chivharo, kana welding speed yakakurumidza, zviri nyore kubudisa pores; kana iyo welding inokurumidza kunonoka, iyo weld reinforcement ichave yakanyanya kukwirira uye chimiro chinenge chisina kurongeka; kana welding mahwendefa matete kana welds ane madiki madiki macheto, kumhanya kwewelding kuchave kwakanyanya. Kunonoka uye kunowanzoita kuneta uye mamwe mamiriro.
[Matanho] Kumhanyisa kweWelding kune zvakakosha pamhando yewelding uye kugona kugadzira welding. Paunenge uchisarudza, sarudza yakafanira welding yekumhanyisa zvinoenderana neazvino welding, welding seam chinzvimbo (pazasi welding, kuzadza welding, cover welding), welding seam ukobvu, uye groove size. Kumhanya, pachinzvimbo chekuvimbisa kupinda, kuburitsa nyore kwegasi uye welding slag, hapana kupisa-kuburikidza, uye kuumbwa kwakanaka, kukurumidza welding inosarudzwa kuti ivandudze kugadzirwa uye kushanda zvakanaka.
4 Kutadza kuterera kune arc kureba kutonga panguva yewelding
[Phenomena] Panguva yekuputika, kureba kwearc hakuna kunyatsogadziriswa maererano nefomu ye groove, nhamba yezvikamu zvewelding, welding form, electrode model, etc. Nekuda kwekushandiswa kusina kunaka kwekureba kwearc, zvakaoma kuwana mashizha emhando yepamusoro. .
[Matanho] Kuti uve nechokwadi chemhando yeweld, mapfupi arc mashandiro anowanzo shandiswa panguva yewelding, asi iyo yakakodzera arc kureba inogona kusarudzwa zvichienderana nemamiriro akasiyana kuti uwane yakanyanya kunaka welding mhando, senge nhanho yekutanga yeV-yakaumbwa. groove butt joints uye majoini emakona. Yekutanga layer inofanira kushandisa arc pfupi kuti ive nechokwadi chekupinda pasina undercut, uye yechipiri layer inogona kureba zvishoma kuzadza weld. Kana weld gap iri diki, arc pfupi inofanira kushandiswa. Kana gaka rakakura, arc inogona kureba zvishoma uye kumhanya kwewelding kunokwidziridzwa. The arc for overhead welding inofanira kuva ipfupi kudzivirira simbi yakanyunguduka kuti isayerera ichidzika pasi; kuitira kudzora tembiricha yedziva yakanyungudutswa panguva yakatwasuka uye yakachinjika welding, diki ikozvino uye pfupi arc welding inofanirawo kushandiswa.
Mukuwedzera, zvisinei kuti rudzi rwekushongedza runoshandiswa sei, kutarisisa kunofanira kubhadharwa kuchengetedza urefu hwearc husingashanduki panguva yekufamba kuti uone kuti hupamhi hwekupinza uye kudzika kwemukati kweweld yose inowirirana.
5 Welding pasina kuterera kudzora welding deformation
[Phenomena] Kana welding, iwe hauteerere kudzora deformation kubva kuzvinhu zvewelding kutevedzana, kurongeka kwevashandi, groove fomu, welding yakatarwa kusarudzwa uye nzira dzekushanda, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinotungamira kune yakakura deformation mushure mekucheka, kuoma mukugadzirisa, uye yakawedzera mutengo, kunyanya kune makobvu mahwendefa uye makuru workpieces. Kugadzirisa kwakaoma, uye kururamisa kwemuchina kunogona kukonzera kutsemuka kana misodzi yelamellar. Mutengo wekugadzirisa murazvo wakakwira uye kushanda kwakashata kunogona kukonzera kupisa kweiyo workpiece nyore.
Kune maworkpieces ane yakanyanya kurongeka zvinodiwa, kana anobudirira deformation control matanho akasatorwa, zviyero zvekuisa zvechishandiso hachizosangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa, uye zvinogona kutozoguma nekushandazve kana kuraswa.
[Matanho] Tora inonzwisisika welding kutevedzana uye sarudza yakakodzera welding maratidziro uye nzira dzekushandisa, pamwe ne-anti-deformation uye akaomesesa ekugadzirisa matanho.
6 Multi-layer welding inoitwa discontinuous uye hapana kutariswa kunobhadharwa kudzora tembiricha pakati pezvikamu.
[Phenomena] Kana welding multi-layer gobvu mahwendefa, usatarise kune tembiricha kutonga pakati pematanho. Kana nguva yepakati pakati pezvikamu yakarebesa, welding pasina kudziyisa zvakare inokonzeresa kutonhora kutsemuka pakati pezvikamu; kana nguva yacho ipfupi, tembiricha pakati pematanho ichaita Kana tembiricha yakakwira zvakanyanya (inodarika 900 ° C), ichakanganisawo kushanda kweweld uye nzvimbo yakakanganiswa nekupisa, zvichikonzera tsanga dzakakora, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwe kuoma uye purasitiki, uye kusiya zvingangoita njodzi mumajoini.
[Zviyero] Kana uchishongedza mahwendefa akawanda-akakora, kutonga kweiyo inter-layer tembiricha kunofanirwa kusimbiswa. Munguva yekuenderera mberi welding process, tembiricha yewelding base material inofanirwa kutariswa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inter-layer tembiricha inopindirana sezvinobvira nekupisa kwekutanga. Iyo yakanyanya tembiricha inofanirawo kudzorwa.
Nguva yewelding haifaniri kunge yakareba. Muchiitiko chekukanganiswa kwewelding, zvakakodzera post-heating uye matanho ekuchengetedza kupisa anofanira kutorwa. Kana welding zvakare, tembiricha ye-preheating inofanira kunge yakakwira zvakafanira pane yekutanga preheating tembiricha.
7 Multi-layer welds inosungirirwa pazasi pasi pasina kubvisa welding slag uye kukanganisa pane weld surface.
[Phenomena] Kana ma-multi-layer welding of thick plates, welding of the lower layer inoitwa zvakananga pasina kubvisa welding slag uye kuremara mushure mechikamu chega chega chewelding. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuremara kwakadai senge slag inclusions, pores, kuputika uye zvimwe zvinokanganisa mu weld, kuderedza simba rekubatanidza uye kukonzera welding yezasi. nguva splash.
[Mayero] Kana uchisecha mahwendefa akakora mumatanho akawanda, imwe neimwe layer inofanirwa kugara yakasungwa. Mushure mekunge imwe neimwe dhizaini yewelding seam yakashongedzwa, welding slag, welding seam pamusoro pekuremara uye spatter inofanira kubviswa nenguva. Kana chero hurema hwakadai se slag inclusions, pores, kuputika uye zvimwe zvinokanganisa zvinokanganisa kunaka kwewelding zvakawanikwa, zvinofanirwa kubviswa zvachose pamberi pekuisa.
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8 Kusakwana fillet size yejoint butt kana kona butt musanganiswa welds inoda kupinda
[Phenomena] Butt kana kona butt musanganiswa welds izvo zvinoda kupinda senge T-shape majoini, majoini epakona, majoini emakona, nezvimwe. hazvina kukwana weld gumbo saizi, kana webhu nebapiro repamusoro re crane danda kana chimwe chinhu chakafanana chinoda kuverenga kuneta. dzakagadzirwa. Kana ukuru hwegumbo re weld yeplate edge connection weld isina kukwana, simba uye kuoma kwe weld hazvizosangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira.
[Zviyero] Majoini akaita T, majoini emuchinjiko, majoini emakona uye mamwe butt musanganiswa welds anoda kupinza anofanirwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira uye anofanira kunge aine makumbo akakwana emagetsi. Kazhinji, saizi yegumbo rekushivirira haifanire kunge iri pasi pe 0.25t (t ndiyo nzvimbo yekubatanidza yakatetepa ndiro ukobvu). Saizi yegumbo yeweld inobatanidza dandemutande nepamusoro flange ye crane beam kana yakafanana web plate iyo yakagadzirirwa kuda kuneta verification i 0.5t uye haifanire kunge yakakura kudarika 10mm. Kutsauka kunobvumirwa kwezviyero zvewelding ndeye 0 ~ 4 mm.
9 Welding inovharira simbi yetsvimbo kana kuti simbi mugezha remajoini
[Phenomena] Sezvo zvakaoma kusanganisa iyo electrode tip kana iron block neyakasungwa chimedu panguva yewelding, welding urema hwakadai sekushaya fusion uye kushaikwa kwekupinda kuchaguma, uye simba rekubatanidza richaderedzwa. Kana iyo welding tsvimbo musoro kana iron block yakazadzwa nengura, zvakaoma kuona kuti zvinhu zvinopindirana nehwaro zvinhu; kana welding rod musoro kana iron block yakazadzwa nemafuta mavara, tsvina, nezvimwewo, inokonzera kukanganisa kwakadai se pores, slag inclusions, uye kuputika mu weld. Aya mamiriro anozoderedza zvakanyanya kunaka kweiyo welds yemajoini uye kutadza kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvemhando yekugadzira uye kutsanangurwa kweiyo welds.
【chiyero】
(1) Kana gaka regungano reworkpiece rakakura, asi risingapfuure iro rinotenderwa rekushandisa, uye gaka regungano rinopfuura 2 kaviri kukora kwepepa kana rakakura kupfuura 20mm, nzira yekumusoro inofanira kushandiswa kuzadza iyo yakadzoserwa. zvikamu kana kuderedza gaka regungano. Izvo zvinorambidzwa zvachose kushandisa nzira yekuzadza iyo welding tsvimbo musoro kana iron block repair welding mugomba rekubatana.
(2) Paunenge uchigadzira uye nekumaka zvikamu, kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa pakusiya yakakwana yekucheka mvumo uye welding shrinkage mvumo mushure mekucheka, uye kutonga saizi yezvikamu. Usawedzera gap kuti uve nechokwadi chekuonekwa ukuru.
10 Kusateerera kune welding kutevedzana kwezvikamu zvine cross welds
[Phenomena] Kune zvikamu zvine muchinjikwa welds, isu haticherechedze kurongeka kunonzwisisika kwekutevedzana kwewelding kuburikidza nekuongorora welding stress kusunungurwa uye kukanganisa kwewelding kushushikana pane chikamu deformation, asi weld zvisina tsarukano vertically uye yakatwasuka. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo yakatwasuka uye yakachinjika seams ichave yakamanikidzwa kune mumwe nemumwe, zvichikonzera yakakura Iyo tembiricha shrinkage stress ichaita kuti ndiro iite deform, kuita kuti ndiro yeplate isaenzane, uye inogona kukonzera kutsemuka mune welds.
[Zviyero] Zvezvikamu zvine muchinjiko welds, inonzwisisika welding kutevedzana kunofanirwa kugadzirwa. Kana paine akati wandei akatwasuka uye akachinjika muchinjikwa welds kuti welded, chinjikira seams ane hombe shrinkage deformation anofanira welded kutanga, uye ipapo longitudinal welds. Nenzira iyi, iyo yakachinjika welds haizove yakamanikidzwa neiyo longitudinal welds uye shrinkage kushushikana kweiyo transverse seams ichaderedzwa. Kuburitswa pasina kuzvidzora kunogona kuderedza welding deformation uye kuona weld mhando, kana weld butt welds kutanga uyezve fillet welds.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-01-2023
