Sezvo iyo yakanyanya kukuvadza mhando yekuremerwa kwewelding, kutsemuka kwemagetsi kunokanganisa zvakanyanya kuita, kuchengetedzwa uye kuvimbika kwezvivakwa zvakasungwa. Nhasi, ini ndichakuzivisa kune imwe yemhando dzekutsemuka - lamellar cracks.
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01
Non-metallic inclusions. Munguva yekukungurutswa kwesimbi mahwendefa, mamwe asiri-metallic inclusions (akadai sesulfides uye silicates) musimbi anokungurutswa kuita mitsetse inofambirana neinotenderedza nzira, zvichikonzera mutsauko mumichina yemidziyo yesimbi. Inclusions zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera lamellar kubvarura muzvimiro zvakashongedzwa uye zvakare ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera lamellar kubvarura.
02
Kuzvidzora kushushikana. Nekuda kwekuita kwe welding thermal cycle, simba rekudzivirira richaonekwa mujoinhi yakasungwa. Kune yakapihwa T-yakaita uye muchinjiko mubatanidzwa weakakungurutswa gobvu ndiro, pasi pemamiriro ekuti welding parameters irambe isina kuchinjika, pane yakakosha kuzvidzora kushushikana kana kukotama kuzvidzora. Simba, kana rakakura kupfuura kukosha uku, kubvarura lamellar kunogona kuitika.
03
Kupararira kwehydrogen. Hydrogen ndiyo inokurudzira kuputika. Nekuda kwekupararira uye kusanganiswa kwehydrogen mumamorekuru, kushushikana kwenzvimbo kunowedzera zvakanyanya. Apo hydrogen inoungana pamagumo ezvibatanidzwa, inokonzera iyo isiri-metallic inclusions kurasikirwa nekunamatira nesimbi uye inodhonza kunze kwepedyo inclusions. Iyo simbi inoratidza hydrogen-induced fracture maitiro pane yakatyoka pamusoro.
04
Base material properties. Kunyange zvazvo inclusions ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera lamellar kubvarura, iyo mechanical properties yesimbi inewo yakakosha kupesvedzera kwe lamellar kubvarura. Kuomarara kwepurasitiki kwesimbi kwakashata, uye makatsemuka anowanzo kupararira, izvo zvinoreva kuti kugona kuramba kubvaruka kwema lamellar kwakashata.
Kuti udzivise kuitika kwekutsemuka kwema lamellar, dhizaini uye maitiro ekuvaka anonyanya kudzivirira Z-direction kushushikana uye kushushikana. Iwo chaiwo matanho ndeaya anotevera:
1. Kuvandudza magadzirirwo akabatanidzwa uye kuderedza kuzvidzora kunetsa. Matanho chaiwo anosanganisira: kuwedzera kuguma kwearc striking plate kune imwe urefu hwekudzivirira kuputika; kushandura dhizaini yeweld kushandura mafambiro eiyo weld shrinkage stress, kushandura vertical arc striking plate kuenda kune yakatwasuka arc inorova ndiro, kushandura weld chinzvimbo, Kuita kushushikana kwese kwekutungamira kwejoint parallel kune rolling layer kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya lamellar. kuramba misodzi.
2. Gamuchira nzira dzakakodzera dzewelding. Zvinobatsira kushandisa nzira dzakaderera-hydrogen welding, dzakadai segasi shielded welding uye pasi pemvura arc welding, iyo ine katsika kadiki kekuvhuvhuta kutonhora uye inobatsira kuvandudza kushorwa kwe lamellar kubvarura.
3. Shandisa yakaderera-simba rinoenderana welding zvinhu. Kana iyo weld simbi ine yakaderera goho poindi uye yakakwirira ductility, zviri nyore kuisa pfungwa kunetsa pamusoro weld uye kuderedza kunetsa munzvimbo inopisa-inokonzerwa nenheyo yesimbi, iyo inogona kuvandudza kurwisana nekuputika kwe lamellar.
4. Panyaya yekushandiswa kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira welding, iyo yekumusoro yakatarisana yekuzviparadzanisa layer inoshandiswa; symmetrical welding inoshandiswa kuenzanisa kugovera kwekutambudzika uye kuderedza kushushikana.
5. Kuti udzivise misodzi ye lamellar inokonzerwa nekuputika kwechando, mamwe matanho ekudzivirira kutonhora kunofanira kutorwa sezvinobvira, zvakadai sekuwedzera zvakakodzera preheating, kudzora kupisa kwe interlayer, nezvimwewo; uyezve, nzira dzekuzorodza dzepfungwa dzakadai seyepakati annealing dzinogona kutorwawo.
6. Tinogonawo kushandisa nzira yekugadzira yemakumbo maduku ekuputika uye multi-pass welding nekudzora ukuru hwehuputi.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-16-2023
