Nekufambira mberi kwesainzi uye tekinoroji uye kusimukira kwehupfumi, huwandu hwekushandisa hwenitrogen huri kuwedzera zuva nezuva, uye hwakapinda mumaindasitiri mazhinji uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva.
Nitrogen Production Manufacturers - China Nitrogen Production Factory & Suppliers (xinfatools.com)
Nitrogen ndiyo chikamu chikuru chemhepo, inoverengera inosvika 78% yemhepo. Elemental nitrogen N2 igasi risina ruvara uye risinganhuhwi pasi pemamiriro akajairika. Iyo gasi density pasi peyakajairwa mamiriro ndeye 1.25 g/L. Nzvimbo yekunyungudika ndeye -210 ℃ uye nzvimbo yekuvira ndeye -196 ℃. Liquid nitrogen ifiriji ine tembiricha yakaderera (-196 ℃).
Nhasi tichazivisa nzira dzakati wandei dzekugadzira nitrogen kumba nekune dzimwe nyika.
Kune matatu akajairwa maindasitiri-mwero nitrogen yekugadzira nzira: cryogenic mhepo yekuparadzanisa nitrogen kugadzirwa, kumanikidza swing adsorption nitrogen kugadzirwa, uye membrane kupatsanurwa nitrogen kugadzirwa.
Chekutanga: Cryogenic air separation nitrogen kugadzira nzira
Cryogenic air separation nitrogen kugadzirwa inzira yekugadzira nitrogen ine nhoroondo yeanoda kusvika makumi emakore. Inoshandisa mhepo seyakagadzirwa, inomanikidza nekuichenesa, uyezve inoshandisa kupisa kuchinjanisa kunyungudutsa mweya mumhepo yemvura. Mhepo yemvura inonyanya musanganiswa weokisijeni yemvura uye mvura nitrogen. Mapoinzi akasiyana ekuvirisa emvura okisijeni uye mvura nitrogen anoshandiswa kuzvipatsanura kuburikidza nekunatswa kwemweya wemvura kuti uwane nitrogen.
Zvakanakira: hombe gasi kugadzirwa uye yakakwirira kuchena kwechigadzirwa nitrogen. Kugadzirwa kweCryogenic nitrogen kunogona kuburitsa kwete nitrogen chete asiwo mvura nitrogen, iyo inosangana nezvinodiwa zvemvura nitrogen uye inogona kuchengetwa mumatangi ekuchengetera nitrogen. Kana paine kupindirana kwenitrogen mutoro kana kugadziridzwa kudiki kwemidziyo yekuparadzanisa mweya, iyo nitrogen yemvura mutangi rekuchengetera inopinda muvaporizer uye inopisa, yozotumirwa kune chigadzirwa nitrogen pombi kuti isangane neiyo nitrogen kudiwa kweiyo process unit. Kutenderera kwekushanda kwe cryogenic nitrogen kugadzirwa (zvichireva kupindirana pakati pekupisa kukuru kuviri) kunowanzopfuura gore, saka kugadzirwa kwe nitrogen hakuwanzo kutorwa seyakamira.
Kukanganisa: Cryogenic nitrogen kugadzirwa kunogona kubudisa nitrogen nekuchena kwe ≧99.999%, asi kuchena kwe nitrogen kunogumira ne nitrogen mutoro, nhamba yematireyi, kushanda kwetireyi uye kuchena kweokisijeni mumhepo yemvura, uye kugadzirisa mararamiro iduku zvikuru. Naizvozvo, kune seti ye cryogenic nitrogen kugadzirwa kwemidziyo, kuchena kwechigadzirwa kune chokwadi uye kusingaite kugadzirisa. Sezvo iyo cryogenic nzira inoitwa pakudziya kwakanyanya kwakadzikira, zvishandiso zvinofanirwa kunge zvine pre-kutonhora yekutanga-up process isati yaiswa mukushanda kwakajairika. Nguva yekutanga, kureva, nguva kubva pakutanga kwekuwedzera kusvika panguva iyo kuchena kwe nitrogen kunosvika kune zvinodiwa, kazhinji haisi pasi pemaawa gumi nemaviri; mudziyo usati wapinda mukugadzirisa, unofanirwa kuve nenguva yekudziya uye yekunyungudika, kazhinji maawa makumi maviri nemana. Naizvozvo, iyo cryogenic nitrogen yekugadzira michina haifanirwe kutangwa uye kumiswa kazhinji, uye zvinokurudzirwa kushanda nguva dzose kwenguva yakareba.
Mukuwedzera, iyo cryogenic process yakaoma, inotora nzvimbo yakakura, ine mari yakakwira yezvivakwa, inoda mauto ekugadzirisa, ine nhamba huru yevashandisi, uye inogadzira gasi zvishoma nezvishoma (18 kusvika 24 maawa). Inokodzera kugadzirwa kukuru kwemaindasitiri nitrogen.
Chechipiri: Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) Nitrogen Production Method
Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) gasi kupatsanura tekinoroji ibazi rakakosha reiyo isiri-cryogenic gasi yekuparadzanisa tekinoroji. Icho chikonzero chekuedza kwevanhu kwenguva refu kutsvaga nzira iri nyore yekuparadzanisa mhepo kupfuura nzira ye cryogenic.
Mumakore ekuma1970, Kambani yeWest Germany Essen Mining yakabudirira kugadzira kabhoni molecular sieves, zvichigadzira nzira yeindasitiri yePSA kupatsanurwa kwemhepo kugadzirwa kwenitrogen. Kwemakore makumi matatu apfuura, tekinoroji iyi yakagadzira nekukurumidza uye yakakura. Yakava mukwikwidzi akasimba wekuparadzaniswa kwemhepo ye cryogenic mumunda wekugadzirwa kwenitrogen diki uye yepakati.
Pressure swing adsorption nitrogen kugadzirwa inoshandisa mweya seyakabikwa uye kabhoni molecular sieve se adsorbent. Inoshandisa hunhu hwekabhoni molecular sieve's selective adsorption yeokisijeni uye nitrogen mumhepo, uye inoshandisa musimboti wekumanikidza swing adsorption (kumanikidza adsorption, kudzvinyirira kuderedza desorption uye molecular sieve regeneration) kuparadzanisa okisijeni nenitrogen pane tembiricha yekamuri kugadzira nitrogen.
Kuenzaniswa ne cryogenic air separation nitrogen kugadzirwa, pressure swing adsorption nitrogen kugadzirwa kune zvakakosha zvakakosha: adsorption kupatsanurwa kunoitwa pamhepo tembiricha, maitiro ari nyore, midziyo yakabatana, tsoka idiki, zviri nyore kutanga nekumisa, iyo. kunotanga nekukasira, kugadzirwa kwegasi kunokurumidza (kazhinji maminitsi makumi matatu), kushandiswa kwesimba kudiki, mutengo wekushandisa wakaderera, dhigirii re automation rakakwira, mashandiro uye kugadzirisa zviri nyore, kuisirwa kweskid kuri nyore, hapana hwaro hwakakosha. inodiwa, chigadzirwa che nitrogen kuchena chinogona kugadziriswa mukati meimwe mhando, uye kugadzirwa kwe nitrogen ≤3000Nm3/h. Naizvozvo, pressure swing adsorption nitrogen kugadzirwa inonyanya kukodzera kushanda kwepakati.
Zvisinei, kusvika ikozvino, vashandi vekumba uye kune dzimwe nyika vanogona kungobudisa nitrogen nekuchena kwe99.9% (kureva, O2≤0.1%) vachishandisa teknolojia yekugadzira nitrogen yePSA. Mamwe makambani anogona kugadzira 99.99% pure nitrogen (O2≤0.01%). Kuchena kwepamusoro kunogoneka kubva pakuona kwePSA nitrogen kugadzira tekinoroji, asi mutengo wekugadzira wakanyanya kukwira uye vashandisi havagone kuzvigamuchira. Naizvozvo, kushandiswa kwePSA nitrogen kugadzira tekinoroji kuburitsa yakakwira-kuchena nitrogen kunofanirwawo kuwedzera mudziyo wekunatsa mushure mechikamu.
Nitrogen yekuchenesa nzira (industrial scale)
(1) Hydrogenation deoxygenation nzira.
Pasi pechiito checatalyst, okisijeni yakasara munitrogen inopindirana nehaidhirojeni yakawedzerwa kuti ibudise mvura, uye maitiro ekuita anoti: 2H2 + O2 = 2H2O. Zvadaro, mvura inobviswa ne-high-pressure nitrogen compressor booster, uye iyo yepamusoro-yakachena nitrogen ine zvikamu zvikuru zvinotevera zvinowanikwa nemashure ekuomesa: N2≥99.999%, O2≤5 × 10-6, H2≤1500 × 10-6, H2O≤10.7×10-6. Mutengo wekugadzira nitrogen ungangoita 0.5 yuan/m3.
(2) Hydrogenation uye deoxygenation nzira.
Iyi nzira yakakamurwa kuita matanho matatu: danho rekutanga hydrogenation uye deoxygenation, danho rechipiri dehydrogenation, uye danho rechitatu kubviswa kwemvura. Yakakwirira-yakachena nitrogen ine inotevera kuumbwa inowanikwa: N2 ≥ 99.999%, O2 ≤ 5 × 10-6, H2 ≤ 5 × 10-6, H2O ≤ 10.7 × 10-6. Mutengo wekugadzira nitrogen ungangoita 0.6 yuan/m3.
(3) Carbon deoxygenation nzira.
Pasi pekuita kwekabhoni-inotsigirwa catalyst (pane imwe tembiricha), iyo okisijeni yakasara munitrogen yakajairwa inopindirana nekabhoni inopihwa necatalyst pachayo kugadzira CO2. Maitiro ekuita: C + O2 = CO2. Mushure mechikamu chinotevera chekubvisa CO2 neH2O, high-purity nitrogen ine chinyorwa chinotevera chinowanikwa: N2 ≥ 99.999%, O2 ≤ 5 × 10-6, CO2 ≤ 5 × 10-6, H2O ≤ 10.7 × 10-6. Mutengo wekugadzira nitrogen ungangoita 0.6 yuan/m3.
Chechitatu: Kuparadzaniswa kwemembrane uye kuparadzaniswa kwemhepo kugadzirwa kwenitrogen
Membrane kupatsanurwa uye kupatsanurwa kwemhepo nitrogen kugadzirwa zvakare bazi idzva reisina-cryogenic nitrogen kugadzira tekinoroji. Iyo nzira itsva yekugadzira nitrogen yakakurumidza kukura kunze kwenyika muma1980. Yakasimudzirwa uye yakashandiswa muChina mumakore achangopfuura.
Membrane separation nitrogen kugadzirwa kunoshandisa mhepo sechinhu mbishi. Pasi peimwe dzvinyiriro, inoshandisa mwero wakasiyana wokupinda kweokisijeni nenitrogen mune hollow fiber membrane kuparadzanisa okisijeni nenitrogen kugadzira nitrogen. Kana ichienzaniswa neiri pamusoro apa nzira dzekugadzira nitrogen, ine hunhu hwekureruka kwemidziyo chimiro, vhoriyamu diki, isina switching valve, nyore kushanda uye kugadzirisa, nekukurumidza kugadzira gasi (mukati me3 maminetsi), uye zviri nyore kuwedzera kugona.
Nekudaro, hollow fiber membranes ine zvakaomarara zvinodiwa pakuchena kwemhepo yakamanikidzwa. Iyo membranes inokurumidza kuchembera uye kukundikana, uye inonetsa kugadzirisa. Mimba itsva inoda kutsiviwa.
Membrane kupatsanurwa nitrogen kugadzirwa kunonyanya kukodzera kune vadiki uye vepakati-saizi vashandisi vane nitrogen kuchena zvinodiwa ≤98%, uye ine yakanakisa basa-mutengo reshiyo panguva ino; kana hutsanana hwenitrogen huchidiwa kuve hwakakwira kupfuura 98%, inenge 30% yakakwira kupfuura iyo pressure swing adsorption nitrogen kugadzira mudziyo wezvakatsanangurwa zvakafanana. Naizvozvo, kana yakakwira-kuchena nitrogen inogadzirwa nekubatanidza membrane kupatsanurwa nitrogen kugadzirwa uye nitrogen yekuchenesa michina, kuchena kweiyo nitrogen yakajairika kunowanzo 98%, izvo zvinozowedzera mutengo wekugadzira uye mutengo wekushanda wemudziyo wekuchenesa.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-24-2024
