Iyo yakatetepa gap welding process ndeye yakadzika uye yakamanikana groove welding process yegobvu workpieces. Kazhinji, kudzika-kusvika-kufara chiyero che groove chinogona kusvika 10-15. Kana iyo yakanyura arc welding process inoshandiswa, pane dambudziko rekubvisa slag uye kubviswa kweiyo slag shell yeweld yega yega. Kazhinji yakanyura arc welding maitiro, zvinotarisirwa kuti iyo slag shell inogona kudonha yega. Kana iyo slag shell isingakwanisi kudonha pakarepo, zvichave zvakaoma zvikuru kubvisa nemaoko slag shell kune yakadzika uye yakamanikana groove ine hupamhi hwe 20-30 mm chete. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, kubva mukuita kwearc welding process process, vanhu vakatsvaga mukaha wakamanikana wakanyura mumvura arc welding process nzira iyo iyo slag shell inogona kudonha yega - iyo "hove chiyero" weld narrow gap yakanyura arc welding process.
Musiyano pakati peiyi "hove chiyero" weld uye "concave" weld (Figure 2-36) ndeyekuti slag shell ine kusiyana kwakasiyana kwepamusoro nekuda kwekusiyana kwekucheka angles pakati pe slag shell uye rutivi rwemadziro e workpiece (Mufananidzo 2 -37). Kushushikana kwepamusoro kwe "hove scale" weld kunogona kuita kuti goko re slag riwire pasi; nepo kudzvinyirirwa kwepamusoro kwe "concave" weld kunoita kuti ganda re slag rinyatsonamatira kumadziro emadziro e workpiece. Zvichienderana nezvikonzero zviri pamusoro, iro rakatetepa gaka rakanyura arc welding process haifanire kushandisa "concave" weld, asi inofanirwa kushandisa "hove chiyero" weld.
Kunyudzwa kwearc welding inogona kupinda mukati mezvishandiso nehupamhi husingasviki 20 mm mune imwe kuenda. Nekuda kwedziva hombe rakanyungudutswa, kuitira kuzadzisa chinangwa chekugadzira mune imwe kuenda, yekumanikidza kuumba liner inofanirwa kushandiswa kubvumira dziva rakanyungudutswa kuti ritonhore uye rigosimba pamucheka, kana zvisina kudaro workpiece ichapiswa nyore nyore. Kudzika kwekupinda panguva yakamiswa welding haifanire kudarika 2/3 yehukobvu hweplate. Nzira dzinotevera dzekuita dzinogona kushandiswa kune rimwe-sided welding uye kaviri-sided kugadzira welds (Mufananidzo 2-35):
1) Welding padhi yemhangura. 2) Welding pane zvenguva ceramic pad. 3) Welding pane flux pad. 4) Welding pane zvachose padhi kana kukiya pasi welding. Kune iyo inotakura-inotakura yejoini yemabutt-welded simbi mahwendefa ehukobvu hwakasiyana, kana ukobvu hwekutsauka kwemahwendefa maviri ichipfuura chiyero chakatsanangurwa muyero, saizi yegorovu inosarudzwa zvichienderana nekukora kwendiro gobvu, kana ndiro gobvu. yakatetepa kune rimwe kana mativi ose kusvika paukobvu hwakafanana nendiro yakatetepa. Izvi zvinogona kudzivirira kushungurudzika kunokonzerwa nekuchinja kamwe kamwe muchikamu chemuchinjiko pane butt welding joint.
1) Musiyano unobvumidzwa wehukobvu weakasiyana eplate makobvu anoratidzwa muTafura 2-1.
2) Kuonda kureba. Kana uchitetepa kune rimwe divi, kureba i1/2 yeiyo kana uchitetepa kune rimwe divi, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo Kutetepa kureba L}3 (s2一s}); kana kutetepa kumativi ese, kutetepa kuri 2-34.
Paunenge uchiturika majoini ehukobvu mahwendefa akaenzana, waya yewelding inofanira kunge iri pakati pemutsara we weld. Kana iyo welding wire isina pakati, inogona kukonzera kukanganisa senge isina kukwana kupinda uye weld offset. Pakusecha majoini emabutt ehukobvu husina kuenzana, waya yewelding inofanira kurerekera kune gobvu ndiro kuitira kuti kunyungudika kwayo kufanane nekwendiro yakatetepa, kuitira kuti weld inyatsoumbwa. Mufananidzo 2-31 unoratidza kubviswa kwewaya yewelding yemajoini emabutt.
Iyo nzira uye saizi yewelding wire inclination zvakasiyana, uye "arc blowing simba" uye thermal effect yearc padziva rakanyungudutswa zvakasiyanawo, izvo zvinoburitsa mhedzisiro dzakasiyana pakuumbwa kwe weld. Mukuita welding, iyo weld hupamhi, yakanyungudutswa yekuongorora uye maumbirwo coefficient ye weld inogona kugadziriswa nekuchinja kutungamira uye saizi yewelding waya yekurerekera. Nekudaro, zvinofanirwa kudziviswa kuti iyo welding wire inclination yakakura kwazvo, zvikasadaro inoburitsa yakashata weld kuumbwa. Kupesvedzera kwekutungamira uye ukuru hweiyo welding wire inclination pakugadzira weld inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 2-30.
Xinfa welding midziyo ine hunhu hwemhando yepamusoro uye mutengo wakaderera. Kuti uwane ruzivo, ndapota shanya:Welding & Cutting Manufacturers - China Welding & Cutting Factory & Suppliers (xinfatools.com)
Kuwedzera kureba kwewaya yewelding pasi pemamiriro ekugara uchiturika ikozvino kunogona kuwedzera welding wire deposition kumhanya ne25% kusvika 50%, asi kana arc voltage yakadzikira, kudzika kwekupinda uye upamhi hweweld kunoderera. Chimiro che weld welded ne welding wire pamwe nekuwedzerwa kwekuwedzera kureba kwakasiyana zvachose neiyo weld welded newaya yewelding ine yakajairika yekuwedzera kureba. Nokudaro, kana kudzika kukuru kwekupinda kunodiwa, hazvikurudzirwi kuwedzera urefu hwekuwedzera kwetambo yewelding. Kana kureba kwewaya yewelding kuchiwedzerwa kuti kuwedzere kumhanyisa waya yekuisa, iyo arc voltage inofanirwa kuwedzerwa panguva imwe chete kuchengetedza yakakodzera arc kureba.
Yakadzika arc welding ine basa rekutanga kupisa waya wewelding inogona kuwedzera kukurumidza kunyungudika kwewaya yewelding uye huwandu hwekuisa waya welding pasina kuwedzera kupisa kweiyo base zvinhu, nekudaro kuzadzisa chinangwa chekuvandudza welding kunyatsoita. Kureba kwekureba kwetambo yewelding uye preheating yewaya yekubatira inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 2-29.
Pasi pemamwe mamiriro emagetsi arc, shanduko mukumhanyisa welding inoshandura kupisa kwekuisa weld, nekudaro kuchinja kudzika kweweld nehupamhi. Kana iyo welding yekumhanyisa ichikurumidza, nekuda kwekusakwana kwearc kupisa kweiyo weldment, iyo weld kudzika uye hupamhi huchadzikiswa zvakanyanya, iyo fusion ratio ichaderera, uye mumatambudziko akaomarara, hurema hwakadai senge undercut, kusakwana kwekupinda uye porosity kuchakonzerwa. Naizvozvo, kana uchiwedzera kumhanya kwewelding, simba rearc rinofanirwa kukwidziridzwa kuchengetedza kudzika kweweld uye upamhi hwakasimba. Mufananidzo 2-28 inoratidza mhedzisiro yewelding kumhanya pakugadzira weld.
Munguva yakanyura arc welding, iyo arc voltage inotemerwa zvichienderana nehukuru hwewelding ikozvino, kureva, pane imwe welding ikozvino, kureba kwearc kunofanirwa kugara kwakamira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti arc "inopisa" zvakatsiga uye weld inoumbwa zvine musoro. . Zvisinei, mamiriro anotevera anofanira kubatwa zvakasiyana:
1) Kana iyo yekumusoro weld ye-multi-layer weld isingabatanidzwe zvisina kunaka kana midzi yebutt weld yakakura kwazvo, iyo arc voltage haifanirwe kunge idiki. 2) Deep groove welds haifanirwe kusungirirwa nearc voltage yakakwira. Kuumbwa kwe weld yezvikamu zvakakosha zvinoenderana nearc voltages dzakasiyana inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 2-27.
Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, kushandura welding ikozvino inogona kushandura kunyunguduka kwewaya yewelding uye kudzika kwekupinda kweweld. Nekudaro, kuwedzera zvakanyanya iyo welding ikozvino inozotungamira kune yakawandisa weld kureba uye yakawandisa weld kupinda kudzika, zvichikonzera kukanganisa kwekuumbwa kwe weld. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuumbwa kweweld yakawandisa kunowedzera shrinkage ye weld, nekudaro zvichikonzera kuremara senge welding makatsemuka, pores, slag inclusions, pamwe nekunyanyisa kupisa-kukanganisa nzvimbo uye yakawandisa welding deformation. Naizvozvo, uchiwedzera welding ikozvino, iyo arc voltage inofanirwa kuwedzerwa zvinoenderana kuti ive nechokwadi chakakodzera weld chimiro. Kuremara kwewelding iyo inogona kukonzerwa nekunyanyisa welding ikozvino inoratidzwa muFigure 2-26.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-29-2024
