Mukugadzira midziyo yekumanikidza, kana yakanyura arc welding inoshandiswa kubatanidza iyo longitudinal weld yehumburumbira, makatsemuka (akazonzi panozonzi magumo anotsemuka) anowanzoitika kana pedyo nekumagumo kwelongitudinal weld.
Vanhu vazhinji vakaita tsvakiridzo pane izvi, uye vanotenda kuti chikonzero chikuru chekutsemuka kwemagumo ndechekuti kana iyo welding arc iri padyo neiyo terminal ye longitudinal weld, iyo weld inowedzera uye inodzima munzira yeaxial, uye inoperekedzwa nekukakavadzana kwemukati. iyo yakatwasuka uye axial kutungamira. vhura deformation;
Iyo cylinder body inewo basa rinotonhora rinoomesa kushushikana uye kushushikana kwegungano munzira yekukunguruka, kugadzira uye kusangana; panguva yekugadzira welding, nekuda kwekudziviswa kweiyo terminal yekumisikidza weld uye arc strike plate, yakakura kutambanudza inogadzirwa pakupera kwekunetseka kwe weld;
Kana iyo arc ikaenda kune iyo terminal yekumisikidza weld uye arc strike plate, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekupisa uye deformation yechikamu ichi, transverse tensile stress ye weld terminal inoregedzeka, uye simba rekusunga rinodzikiswa, kuitira kuti weld simbi ingori. yakaomeswa pa weld terminal Iyo terminal mitswe inoumbwa nehombe tensile kusagadzikana.
Zvichienderana nekuongororwa kwezvikonzero zviri pamusoro apa, matanho maviri ekupikisa anotsanangurwa:
Imwe ndeyekuwedzera hupamhi hwearc strike plate kuti iwedzere simba rayo rekusunga;
Yechipiri ndeye kushandisa slotted elastic restraint arc strike plate.
Nekudaro, mushure mekutora matanho ari pamusoro apa mukuita, dambudziko harina kunyatsogadziriswa:
Semuyenzaniso, kunyangwe iyo elastic restraint arc strike plate inoshandiswa, kupera kutsemuka kwe longitudinal weld kucharamba kuchiitika, uye kutsemuka kwekupedzisira kunowanzoitika kana welding humburumbira nehupamhi hudiki, kuderera kusimba uye kumanikidzwa kusangana;
Nekudaro, kana paine chigadzirwa chekuyedza ndiro mune yakawedzera chikamu cheiyo longitudinal weld yehumburumbira, kunyangwe iyo tack welding uye mamwe mamiriro akafanana kana pasina chigadzirwa chekuyedza ndiro, pane mashoma anotsemuka anotsemuka mune longitudinal musono.
Mushure mekudzokororwa bvunzo uye kuongororwa, zvinoonekwa kuti kuitika kwekutsemuka pakupera kweiyo longitudinal musono hakungoenderane chete nekusadzivisika kukuru kushushikana kwekushushikana pakupera weld, asi zvakare zvine chekuita nezvimwe zvikonzero zvakati wandei zvakakosha.
Chekutanga. Ongororo yezvikonzero zvekupedzisira kutsemuka
1. Shanduko mumunda wekushisa pane terminal weld
Munguva yearc welding, kana iyo welding yekupisa sosi iri pedyo nekuguma kweiyo longitudinal weld, yakajairika tembiricha munda pamagumo eweld inoshanduka, uye kana iri pedyo kusvika kumagumo, inokura shanduko.
Nekuda kwekuti saizi yearc stereki ndiro idiki pane iyo silinda, kupisa kwayo kudiki zvakare, uye kubatana pakati pearc stereki ndiro uye silinda inongori netack welding, saka inogona kutorwa seyakanyanya kumiswa. .
Naizvozvo, mamiriro ekupisa ekuchinjisa eiyo terminal weld yakashata kwazvo, zvichiita kuti tembiricha yemunharaunda isimuke, chimiro chedziva rakanyungudutswa rinoshanduka, uye kudzika kwekupinda kuchawedzerawo zvinoenderana. Kusimba kwekusimba kwedziva rakanyungudutswa kunodzikira, kunyanya kana saizi yearc strike plate idiki, uye tack weld pakati pearc strike plate necylinder ipfupi uye yakatetepa zvakanyanya.
2. Pesvedzero yewelding heat input
Sezvo iyo yekupisa yekupisa inoshandiswa mukunyungudutswa kwearc welding kazhinji yakakura kupfuura dzimwe nzira dzekubatira, kudzika kwekupinda kwakakura, huwandu hwesimbi yakaiswa yakakura, uye yakafukidzwa neiyo flux layer, saka dziva rakanyungudutswa rakakura uye solidification speed yedziva yakanyungudutswa yakakura. Mwero wekutonhodza weiyo welding seam uye welding seam inononoka pane dzimwe nzira dzewelding, zvichiita kuti zviyo zvakakora uye kupatsanurwa kwakanyanya, izvo zvinogadzira mamiriro akanyanya kunaka kune chizvarwa chekutsemuka kunopisa.
Mukuwedzera, iyo lateral shrinkage ye weld idiki zvakanyanya pane kuvhurwa kwegap, kuitira kuti lateral tensile simba reiyo terminal chikamu chikuru kupfuura cheimwe nzira dzewelding. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya kune beveled yepakati-gobvu mahwendefa uye asina-beveled matete mahwendefa.
3. Mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu
Kana paine kumanikidzirwa kuungana, hutano hwegungano hahuna kuenderana nezvinodiwa, zvinyorwa zvezvisina kuchena zvakadai seS uye P musimbi yepasi zvakanyanyisa uye kupatsanurwa kuchaitawo kuputika.
Chechipiri, chimiro cheiyo terminal crack
Kutsemuka kweterminal ndekwekutsemuka kwemafuta zvinoenderana nehunhu hwawo, uye kuputika kwemafuta kunogona kukamurwa kuita crystallization makatsemuka uye sub-yakasimba chikamu chakatsemuka zvinoenderana nedanho rekuumbwa kwavo. Kunyangwe iyo chikamu chinogadzirwa cheterminal crack dzimwe nguva chiri chigumo, dzimwe nguva chiri mukati me150mm kubva munzvimbo yakatenderedza terminal, dzimwe nguva kutsemuka kwepamusoro, uye dzimwe nguva kutsemuka kwemukati, uye mazhinji emakesi akatsemuka mukati. kuitika kutenderedza terminal.
Zvinogona kuoneka kuti hunhu hweiyo terminal crack ndeyeiyo sub-solid phase crack, kureva kuti, kana weld terminal ichiri munzvimbo yemvura, kunyangwe dziva rakanyungudutswa padyo nechiteshi chakasimba, richiri pa tembiricha yakakwira zvishoma pazasi peiyo solidus mutsara Zero-simba renyika, makatsemuka anogadzirwa pasi pechiito chekuomesera welding stress (kunyanya tensile stress) pane terminal,
Iyo yekumusoro layer ye weld padhuze nepamusoro iri nyore kubvisa kupisa, tembiricha yakadzikira, uye inotova neimwe simba uye yakanakisa plasticity, saka iyo terminal mitswe inowanzoitika mukati meweld uye haigone kuwanikwa neziso rakashama.
Chetatu. Matanho ekudzivirira materminal cracks
Kubva pakuongorora kuri pamusoro kwezvikonzero zvekutsemuka kwemagumo, zvinogona kuoneka kuti matanho akakosha ekukunda materminal cracks eakadzika arc welding longitudinal seams ndeaya:
1. Wedzera zvakafanira saizi yearc strike plate
Vanhu havawanzo kujairana nekukosha kwearc strike plate, vachifunga kuti basa rearc stereki ndiro chete kutungamira arc crater kunze kweweldment kana arc yakavharwa. Kuti uchengetedze simbi, mamwe maarc anorova anoitwa madiki uye anove echokwadi "arc strikers". Maitiro aya haana kunaka. Iyo arc strike plate ine mabasa mana:
(1) Tungamira chikamu chakatyoka cheweld kana arc yatangwa uye arc crater kana arc yamiswa kusvika kunze kweweldment.
(2) Simbisa dhigirii rekuzvidzora pamugumo wechikamu chelongitudinal seam, uye takura kushushikana kukuru kunogadzirwa pachikamu chekupedzisira.
(3) Kuvandudza tembiricha yemunda weiyo terminal chikamu, inoenderana nekupisa conduction uye haiite tembiricha yechikamu chekupedzisira chakanyanya.
(4) Kuvandudza magineti kugovera kune iyo terminal chikamu uye kuderedza dhigirii remagineti deflection.
Kuti zvizadzise zvinangwa zvina zviri pamusoro, iyo arc strike plate inofanirwa kunge iine saizi yakakwana, ukobvu hunofanira kunge hwakafanana neweldment, uye saizi inofanirwa kuenderana nehukuru hweweld uye ukobvu hwesimbi ndiro. Kune midziyo yekumanikidza yakawanda, zvinokurudzirwa kuti kureba uye hupamhi hazvifaniri kunge zvisingasviki 140mm.
2. Teerera kugungano uye tack welding yearc strike plate
Iyo tack welding pakati pearc strike plate necylinder inofanira kuva nehurefu hwakakwana uye ukobvu. Kazhinji kutaura, kureba nekukora kweiyo tack weld haifanire kunge iri pasi pe80% yehupamhi uye ukobvu hwearc stereki ndiro, uye kuenderera mberi welding inodiwa. Haikwanise kungova "spot" welded. Pamativi ese ari maviri eiyo longitudinal seam, kukwana kwakakwana kwe weld kunofanirwa kuve nechokwadi kune epakati uye gobvu mahwendefa, uye imwe groove inofanira kuvhurwa kana zvichidikanwa.
3. Nyatsoteerera kune yekumisikidza welding yeterminal chikamu checylinder
Munguva yekugadzira welding mushure mekunge cylinder yakatenderedzwa, kuitira kuti uwedzere kuwedzera dhigirii rekudzivirira pakupera kweiyo longitudinal seam, kureba kweiyo tack weld pamagumo eiyo longitudinal seam haifanirwe kunge isingasviki 100mm, uye panofanira kunge paine. Ukobvu hwakakwana hweweld, uye hapafanirwe kuve nekutsemuka, Kukanganisa kwakadai sekushaikwa kwekusanganiswa.
4. Nyatsodzora iyo welding heat input
Munguva yewelding yemidziyo yekumanikidza, iyo welding yekupisa yekuisa inofanira kunyatsodzorwa. Izvi hazvisi kungoita kuti tive nechokwadi chemichina yezvibatanidza zvakasungirirwa, asiwo inoita basa rinokosha pakudzivirira kuputika. Kukura kweiyo yakanyura arc welding welding ikozvino ine simba guru pakunzwa kweiyo terminal crack, nekuti saizi yewelding ikozvino yakanangana nemunda wekushisa uye welding heat input.
5. Nyatsodzora chimiro chemvura yakanyungudutswa uye weld shape coefficient
Chimiro uye fomu factor ye weld pool mune yakanyura arc welding zvine hukama zvakanyanya nekukanganisika kune welding makatsemuka. Naizvozvo, saizi, chimiro uye chimiro cheiyo weld pool inofanira kunyatsodzorwa.
Four. Mhedziso
Izvo zvakajairika kugadzira longitudinal seam terminal cracks kana yakanyura arc welding inoshandiswa kubatanidza iyo longitudinal seam yecylinder, uye haina kunyatsogadziriswa kwemakore mazhinji. Kuburikidza nekuyedzwa nekuongororwa, chikonzero chikuru chekutsemuka kumagumo kweiyo yakadzika arc welding longitudinal seam ndeye mhedzisiro yekubatana kwekuita kwekunetseka kukuru kwekushushikana uye yakakosha tembiricha munda muchikamu ichi.
Kudzidzira kwakaratidza kuti zviyero zvakadai sekuwedzera zvakakodzera saizi yearc stereki ndiro, kusimbisa kunaka kwekutonga kwetack welding, uye kunyatsodzora iyo welding yekupisa yekuisa uye chimiro cheweld inogona kunyatso kudzivirira kuitika kwekutsemuka pakupera kwekunyura. arc welding.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-01-2023
