Welding, inozivikanwawo sewelding kana welding, inzira yekugadzira uye tekinoroji inoshandisa kupisa, tembiricha yakakwira kana kudzvanywa kwepamusoro kujoina simbi kana zvimwe zvinhu zve thermoplastic zvakaita semapurasitiki. Zvinoenderana nemamiriro esimbi muwelding process uye maitiro eiyo nzira, nzira dzewelding dzinogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu: fusion welding, pressure welding uye brazing.
Fusion welding - kudziyisa maworkpiece kuti abatanidzwe kuita kuti zvinyunguduke kuita dziva rakanyungudutswa, uye dziva rakanyungudutswa rinotonhodzwa uye kusimba risati rabatanidzwa. Kana zvichidikanwa, mafiritsi anogona kuwedzerwa kubatsira
1. Laser welding
Laser welding inoshandisa yakatarisana nelaser danda sesimba sosi kubhomba iyo workpiece nekupisa kwewelding. Inogona kubatanidza zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvesimbi uye zvisiri-metal zvinhu zvakadai sekabhoni simbi, silicon simbi, aruminiyamu uye titanium uye alloys avo, tungsten, molybdenum uye mamwe simbi refractory uye dissimilar simbi, pamwe ceramics, girazi uye mapurasitiki. Parizvino, inonyanya kushandiswa mune zvemagetsi zviridzwa, ndege, aerospace, nuclear reactors uye mamwe minda. Laser welding ine zvinotevera maitiro:
(1) Iyo simba density yelaser beam yakakwira, iyo yekudziya ipfupi zvakanyanya, majoini ekutengesa madiki, nzvimbo inobatwa nekupisa idiki, deformation yewelding idiki, uye kurongeka kweiyo weldment kwakakwira;
(2) Inogona kupinza zvinhu zvakaoma kubatanidza nemaitiro akajairwa ekunama, senge simbi dzinopisa dzakaita se tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, uye zirconium;
(3) Masimbi asina-ferrous anogona kuiswa mumhepo pasina mamwe gasi anodzivirira;
(4) Midziyo yakaoma uye mutengo wakakwira.
2. Gasi welding
Gasi welding rinonyanya kushandiswa mukunama ndiro dzakatetepa simbi, zvinhu zvakaderera zvinonyunguduka (zvisiri-ferrous simbi nemaaloyi azvo), simbi dzakakandwa uye maturusi akaoma alloy, pamwe nekugadzirisa welding yezvakasakara uye zvakaraswa, kururamisa kwemurazvo wechikamu. deformation, nezvimwewo.
3. Arc welding
Inogona kukamurwa kuita manual arc welding uye yakanyura arc welding
(1) Manual arc welding inogona kuita multi-position welding senge flat welding, vertical welding, horizontal welding uye overhead welding. Uye zvakare, nekuti iyo arc welding midziyo inotakurika uye inochinjika mukubata, welding mashandiro anogona kuitwa munzvimbo ipi neipi ine magetsi. Inokodzera welding yemhando dzakasiyana dzesimbi, ukobvu hwakasiyana uye akasiyana maumbirwo maumbirwo;
(2) Submerged arc welding inowanzokodzera chete flat welding positions, uye haikodzere welding mahwendefa matete ane ukobvu isingasviki 1mm. Nekuda kwekupinda kwakadzika kwearc welding yakanyura, kugadzirwa kwepamusoro uye dhigirii repamusoro rekushanda kwemichina, inokodzera welding marefu welds epakati uye akakora ndiro zvimiro. Zvishandiso zvinogona kugadzirwa neyakanyura arc welding zvakagadziridzwa kubva kabhoni structural simbi kusvika yakaderera alloy structural simbi, simbi isina simbi, inodzivirira kupisa simbi, nezvimwewo, pamwe chete nedzimwe simbi dzisina ferrous, senge nickel-based alloys, titanium. alloys, uye alloys emhangura.
4. Gasi welding
Arc welding inoshandisa gasi rekunze searc medium uye inodzivirira arc uye welding nzvimbo inonzi gas shielded arc welding, kana gasi welding kwenguva pfupi. Gasi remagetsi welding rinowanzo kupatsanurwa kuita isiri-kunyunguduka electrode (tungsten electrode) inert gasi yakadzivirirwa welding uye kunyunguduka electrode gasi yakadzivirirwa welding, oxidizing yakasanganiswa gasi yakadzivirirwa welding, CO2 gasi yakadzivirirwa welding uye tubular waya gasi yakadzivirirwa welding zvichienderana nekuti iyo electrode yakaumbwa. kwete uye gasi rekudzivirira rakasiyana.
Pakati pavo, kusanyunguduka kwakanyanyisa inert gasi shielded welding inogona kushandiswa kugadzira inenge yese simbi uye alloys, asi nekuda kwekudhura kwayo, inowanzo shandiswa kukwenenzvera simbi dzisina ferrous sealuminium, magnesium, titanium nemhangura, se. pamwe nesimbi isina tsvina uye simbi inodzivirira kupisa. Pamusoro pezvakanakira zvisiri zvekunyunguduka gasi rakadzivirirwa welding (inogona kugadzirwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana; yakakodzera simbi yakawanda senge isiri-ferrous simbi, simbi isina kunyunguduka, simbi isingasviki kupisa, kabhoni simbi, uye alloy simbi) , iyo zvakare Iyo ine zvakare mabhenefiti ekukurumidza welding kumhanya uye yakakwirira deposition kunyatsoita.
5. Plasma arc welding
Plasma arcs anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukushongedza, kupenda uye pamusoro. Inogona kupinza simbi dzakatetepa uye dzakatetepa (zvakadai sewelding yesimbi dzakatetepa zvakanyanya pazasi pe1mm).
6. Electroslag welding
Electroslag welding inogona kupinza simbi dzakasiyana-siyana dzekabhoni, yakaderera-alloy yakakwirira-simba simbi, simbi isingapise kupisa uye yepakati-alloy simbi, uye yakashandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira boilers, midziyo yekumanikidza, inorema muchina, esimbi midziyo uye ngarava. Mukuwedzera, electroslag welding inogona kushandiswa kune yakakura-nzvimbo yepamusoro uye kugadzirisa welding.
7. Electron beam welding
Electron beam welding equipment yakaoma, inodhura, uye inoda kugadziriswa kwepamusoro; zvinodikanwa zvegungano zve weldments zvakakwirira, uye ukuru hunogumira nehukuru hwekamuri yekutsvaira; X-ray kudzivirira kunodiwa. Electron beam welding inogona kushandiswa kubatanidza simbi zhinji uye alloys uye maworkpieces anoda kudiki deformation uye yemhando yepamusoro. Parizvino, maelectron beam welding ave achishandiswa zvakanyanya mumidziyo chaiyo, mamita uye maindasitiri emagetsi.
Brazing-Kushandisa simbi ine nzvimbo yakaderera kunyungudika pane simbi yepasi sesolder, uchishandisa mvura solder kunyorovesa simbi yepasi, kuzadza gaka, uye kupindirana nesimbi yepasi kuona kubatana kweweldment.
1. Kubatidza moto:
Flame brazing inokodzera kubhuroka kwezvinhu zvakaita sekabhoni simbi, simbi yakakandwa, mhangura uye alloys ayo. Murazvo we oxyacetylene murazvo unowanzoshandiswa.
2. Resistance brazing
Resistance brazing yakakamurwa kuve yakananga kudziyisa uye isina kunanga kupisa. Indirect heat resistance brazing inokodzera brazing of weldments ine misiyano mikuru mu thermophysical properties uye misiyano mikuru mukukora. 3. Induction brazing: Induction brazing inoratidzirwa nekupisa nokukurumidza, kushanda kwepamusoro, kupisa kwenzvimbo, uye nyore nyore. Zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekudzivirira, inogona kukamurwa kuita induction brazing mumhepo, induction brazing mukudzivirira gasi uye induction brazing muvacuum.
Pressure welding - iyo welding process inofanirwa kuita kumanikidza pane weldment, iyo yakakamurwa kuita resistance welding uye ultrasonic welding.
1. Resistance welding
Pane nzira ina huru dzekudzivirira welding, dzinoti spot welding, seam welding, projection welding uye butt welding. Spot welding inokodzera kudhindwa uye kukungurutswa nhengo dzendiro dzakatetepa dzinogona kuputirwa, majoini haadi mhepo, uye ukobvu huri pasi pe3mm. Seam welding inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mushizha welding yemadhiramu emafuta, makoni, maraya, ndege uye matangi emafuta emotokari. Projection welding inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira simbi dzepasi kabhoni simbi uye yakaderera alloy simbi. Iyo yakanyanya kufanirwa ukobvu hweplate projection welding ndeye 0.5-4mm.
2. Ultrasonic welding
Ultrasonic welding iri musimboti wakakodzera welding yakawanda thermoplastics.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-29-2023
