Zvose zvinokanganisika zvinogona kuonekwa neziso rakashama kana girazi rinokudza simba rakaderera uye riri pamusoro pechigadziko, senge undercut (undercut), weld nodules, arc pits, surface pores, slag inclusions, kuputika kwepamusoro, kusanzwisisika. weld chinzvimbo, etc. vanonzi kunze kuremara; nepo mukati pores, slag inclusions, kutsemuka kwemukati, kupinda kusina kukwana, uye kusanganiswa kusina kukwana kunofanira kuwanikwa nemiedzo inoparadza kana nzira dzakakosha dzisiri dzekuparadza dzekuyedza dzinonzi kukanganisa kwemukati. Zvisinei, iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeyekukundikana kuchenesa slag uye spatter mushure mekuputika uye mavanga e weld.
1. Kukura kweweld hakuenderane nezvinodiwa zvekutsanangurwa
1.1 Phenomenon: Kureba kweweld yakakura kwazvo kana kudiki panguva yekuongorora; kana hupamhi hweweld hwakapamhama kana kutetepa, uye shanduko pakati peiyo weld uye base zvinhu haina kutsvedzerera, iyo nzvimbo ine hutsinye, iyo weld haina kushambidzika munzira yakareba uye yakachinjika, uye huwandu hwe concave weld mukona weld yakakurisa.
Xinfa welding midziyo ine hunhu hwemhando yepamusoro uye mutengo wakaderera. Kuti uwane ruzivo, ndapota shanya:Welding & Cutting Manufacturers - China Welding & Cutting Factory & Suppliers (xinfatools.com)
1.2 Zvikonzero:
1.2.1 Kutwasanuka kweweld groove processing kwakashata, kona yegoroko haina kufanira kana ukuru hwegepu regungano harina kuenzana.
1.2.2 Ikozvino yakakura zvikuru panguva yewelding, zvichiita kuti electrode inyunguduke nekukurumidza, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakaoma kudzora kuumbwa kwe weld. Ikozvino idiki zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti electrode "inonamira" kana iyo welding arc yatangwa, zvichikonzera kusakwana kwewelding kana welding nodules.
1.2.3 Kushanda kwewelder hakuna ruzivo rwakakwana, nzira yekufambisa tsvimbo haina kunaka, sekukurumidza kana kunonoka, uye electrode angle haina kururama.
1.2.4 Mumvura yakadzika arc otomatiki welding process, iyo welding process parameters inosarudzwa zvisina kunaka.
3. Kana zvine ngozi kudaro, mwana anogona kuramba akarara nedumbu kana necheparutivi here? Mhinduro ndeyokuti: Hongu, munhu mukuru anogona kuona mwana akarara nedivi kana dumbu akasvinura. Kurara zvakanaka nedumbu kwakanakira mwana. Nekutya kuti mwana achadzipwa nemukaka, chiremba anokurudzira kurara parutivi, kuitira kuti muviri wose wemwana uwedzere kumusoro, uye musoro muduku unogona kuchinja nzira kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi uye kumusoro.
4. Wedzero yekurara inovanzawo njodzi! Mukuwedzera kune mucheche uye jira remwaka, bvisa mamwe mapiro, magumbeze, matoyi akaiswa, zvipfeko uye mamwe marara kubva mubhedha. Kana mwana akaviga chiso chake muzvinhu izvi zvinyoro, zvinogona kuvhara muromo wake nemhino, zvichikonzera kuoma kwekufema. Mubhedha wemwana haudi kuve wakanyanya kupfava, uye sarudzo yakanaka ndeye yakaoma mwana metiresi. Kuve mubereki hakusi nyore, uye kuva musungwa akanaka kunotonyanya kuoma. Ose ari maviri anoda kuramba achidzidza kwesainzi mubereki. Ndinoshuva kuti vana vaduku vanogona kurota zvinotapira zuva rega rega, uye mangwanani-ngwanani, shandisa kuchema kukuru kana kunyemwerera kunotapira kuti "mangwanani" kuvabereki vemunhu wese.
1.3 Kudzivirira uye kudzora matanho
1.3.1 Gadzirisa weld groove zvinoenderana nedhizaini inodiwa uye welding maratidziro, uye edza kushandisa mechanic process kuita kona yegroove uye kutwasanuka kwegiroove edge kuzadzisa zvinodiwa, uye dzivirira kushandisa gasi rekucheka nefoshoro yemaoko kugadzirisa groove. Paunenge uchiunganidza, simbisa kufanana kwegeji re weld kuisa hwaro hwekuona kunaka kwewelding.
1.3.2 Sarudza zvakakodzera welding process parameters kuburikidza newelding process assessment.
1.3.3 Mawelder anofanira kupihwa certification asati ashanda. Vakadzidziswa welder vane imwe theoretical hwaro uye hunyanzvi hwekuita.
1.3.4 Kumucheto wekupedzisira we-multi-layer welds panzvimbo yewelding, pasi pemamiriro ekuvimbisa kusanganiswa nechepasi pasi, tsvimbo yemoto ine zvishoma kudarika ikozvino welding pakati pega yega uye chidimbu chiduku (φ2.0mm). ~ 3.0mm) inofanira kushandiswa kusona pamusoro. Iko kumhanya kwetsvimbo yewelding inofanira kunge yakafanana, rhythmically kufambira mberi kwenguva yakareba, uye kuita humwe hupamhi hwekutsvaira kwemashure, kuitira kuti weld surface inogona kuva yakanaka uye yakanaka.
2. Undercut (kurumwa nyama)
2.1 Phenomenon: Kuora mwoyo kana groove yakanyungudutswa nearc panguva yekugadzira haiwedzerwi nesimbi yakanyungudutswa uye inosiya mukaha. Kunyanya kudzika undercut kunoderedza kusimba kwejoint ye weld, zvichikonzera kushushikana kwenzvimbo, uye mitswe inogadzirwa pane undercut mushure mekubereka.
2.2 Zvikonzero:
Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti iyo welding ikozvino yakakura kwazvo, iyo arc yakarebesa, iyo electrode angle haina kudzorwa zvakanaka, kumhanya kwe electrode haina kukodzera, uye kureba kwe electrode yakasara pakupera kwewelding ipfupi. , iyo inotungamirira pakuumbwa kwepasi. Inowanzo kuve kukanganisa kwakajairika mu vertical welding, horizontal welding, uye overhead welding.
2.3 Matanho ekudzivirira
2.3.1 Ikozvino haifaniri kunge yakakura zvikuru panguva yekuputika, iyo arc haifaniri kunge yakareba kana kuti yakapfupika, uye pfupi arc welding inofanira kushandiswa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.
2.3.2 Iva nekona ye electrode yakakodzera uye hunyanzvi hwekufamba kwemagetsi. Kana iyo electrode ichitenderera kusvika kumucheto, inofanira kunonoka zvishoma kuitira kuti simbi yakanyungudutswa ye electrode izadze kumucheto, uye inofanira kunge ichikurumidza zvishoma pakati.
2.3.3 Kudzika kweiyo weld undercut kunofanirwa kunge kuri pasi pe0.5mm, kureba kunofanirwa kunge kuri pasi pe10% yehurefu hwese hweweld, uye hurefu hunoenderera hunofanira kunge huri pasi pe10mm. Kana kudzika kana kugadzirwa kwapfuura kushivirira kuri pamusoro, kukanganisa kunofanirwa kucheneswa, uye dhayamita diki uye mhando imwechete ye electrode inofanira kushandiswa. Iyo welding ikozvino yakakura zvishoma pane yakajairika, uye welding inozadzwa.
3. Mitswe
3.1 Phenomenon: Munguva kana mushure mekuputira, simbi inotsemuka inoitika munzvimbo yewelding. Izvo zvinoitika mukati kana kunze kwe weld, kana munzvimbo inopisa-yakakanganiswa. Zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yekutsemuka, inogona kukamurwa kuita kuputika kwenguva refu, kutsemuka kwepakati, kutsemuka kwearc crater, kutsemuka kwemidzi, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinogona kukamurwa kuita kuputika kunopisa, kuputika kunotonhora uye kuputika zvakare.
3.2 Zvikonzero
3.2.1 Kushungurudzika kukuru kunogadzirwa mushure mekupisa kwakakanganisika nzvimbo ye weld shrinks.
3.2.2 Zvinhu zvevabereki zvine zviumbwa zvakawomeswa uye zvinotsemuka mushure mekutonhodzwa.
3.2.3 Pane huwandu hwehaidhirojeni yakati wandei muweld. Uye zvimwe zvinokuvadza zvinhu zvisina kuchena, nezvimwewo, zvinowanzoita kutonhora uye kupisa kutsemuka.
3.3 Kudzivirira uye kudzora matanho:
Mhinduro huru ndeyekubvisa kushushikana, kushandisa welding zvinhu nemazvo, uye kugadzirisa maitiro ekushanda.
3.3.1 Chenjerera kune groove fomu yejojo yewelding kuti ubvise kuputika kunokonzerwa nekupisa kusina kuenzana uye kutonhora kweweld nekuda kwekunetseka kwekupisa. Semuyenzaniso, kana welding simbi mahwendefa ezvakakora zvakasiyana, gobvu simbi ndiro inofanira kutetepa.
3.3.2 Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvinofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekudhirowa kwekugadzira, kunyatsogadzirisa kunobva hydrogen, kuomesa tsvimbo ye welding isati yashandiswa, uye kunyatsochenesa mafuta, unyoro uye zvimwe zvakasvibiswa pane groove.
3.3.3 Munguva yewelding, sarudza zvinonzwisisika welding parameters kudzora kupisa kwekuisa pakati pe800 ne3000 ℃ kutonhora tembiricha kuti uvandudze microstructure ye weld uye inopisa-yakakanganiswa nzvimbo.
3.3.4 Kana tembiricha yenzvimbo yewelding yakadzikira uye zvinhu zvacho zvakatetepa, kunze kwekuwedzera tembiricha yemamiriro ekushanda, inofanirawo kupiswa isati yaiswa. Mushure mekuputika, edza kuchengetedza tembiricha uye kutonhora zvishoma nezvishoma uye ita post-weld kupisa kurapwa kuti ubvise kunonoka kutsemuka kunokonzerwa nekusarira kunetseka mune weld panguva yekutonhora.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-26-2024
